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1分快32023-01-31 16:05

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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

以网络文学书写时代的壮丽多姿******

  【新时代新征程新伟业】

  光明日报记者 刘江伟

  不久前,由国家新闻出版署组织实施的2021年“优秀现实题材和历史题材网络文学出版工程”入选作品揭晓,阅文平台的《故巷暖阳》《投行之路》等作品榜上有名。

  “书里的大部分情节就是我的生活。”《投行之路》作者“离月上雪”把亲身经历融汇在真实案例中,在逻辑严密的叙事中,再现了投行新人的晋级之路,呼应着青春、创业、奋斗的时代主题。

  “一位好作家也应该是一位时代的记录者。”“离月上雪”认为,摄影师用相机给眼前的画面拍照,而作家是用文字给我们所处的时代“拍照”。

  网络文学日益受大众青睐。超千万人的创作队伍、超千万部的网络作品,构成了当下文艺百花园的璀璨奇观。党的十八大以来,时代巨变为网络文学创作提供了无比丰富的素材,书写现实、表现生活,成为网文创作的重要主题。

  日前,记者走进阅文集团、晋江文学城等网络文学创作平台,感受网络作家蓬勃的创作热情,体会以网文展现时代变迁的力量脉动。

  今年9月,第六届现实题材网络文学征文大赛在上海闭幕,14部获奖作品以个体的温情和时代的细节,共同汇聚起人民眼中的“非凡变革”。

  “各行各业的工作者,把创作的触角延伸向宽广的生活现场,让网络文学成为人民奋斗和时代创作最即时的记录者。”阅文集团首席执行官程武表示。

  2015年,在上海市新闻出版局的支持下,阅文集团在业内率先举办首届现实题材网络文学征文大赛,掀开了网络文学发展新的一页。大赛至今已举办六届,累计参赛作品近10万部,现实题材在网络文学创作中的影响力持续扩大,关注时代、关注社会、关注民生的创作蔚然成风。

  网络作家李全参与了2022年的征文大赛,现实题材创作给他带来满满的获得感。据他观察,现实题材之所以逐步成为主流,主要在于其取材自真实生活,用代入感取代悬浮感,使得普通读者能够用自己的视角去阅读,仿佛看自己身边的人和事,进而从中看到自己的无限可能。

  党的二十大报告指出,讲好中国故事、传播好中国声音,展现可信、可爱、可敬的中国形象。近年来,网络文学成为中国文化走出去的生力军。2021年,网络文学海外市场规模突破30亿元,中国网络文学共向海外输出网文作品1万余部。

  “未来,我们将持续倡导现实题材网文创作,鼓励各行各业从业者以网络文学为载体,通过现实向、常态化而又带有艺术色彩的设定表现当代生活和社会风貌。同时,持续布局网文出海全产业链发展,让全球读者通过网络文学及其改编作品深入了解中国的人文精神和时代风貌。”程武说。

  打开晋江文学城网站,“奋斗乐章”四个大字赫然在目。为了倡导和鼓励现实题材创作,晋江文学城开展了年度主题征文活动。活动被细化为乡村之章、行业之章等8个方向,让每个作者可以从中寻找到擅长的领域。

  晋江文学城初步统计,征文活动共吸引3000余部作品参赛,网站遴选近百部优秀作品进行推介,在作者群中引发了爱国奋斗主题创作热潮。

  近年来,为了让现实题材作品抵达更多受众,晋江文学城对优质作品进行重点IP转化推荐。目前平台上作品呈现类型多元化的形态,既有出版、影视等传统改编形式,又有动漫、游戏、有声读物、广播剧等新兴改编形式,还有动态漫画、剧本杀剧本等最新改编类型,涉及版权转化的作品超1万部。

  晋江文学城副总裁胡慧娟表示,晋江文学城将加强对网络作家专业知识培训与引导,培育求真求实、言之有物的创作品格。同时,对现实题材重点作品进行重点关注,在IP改编上重点推荐,并将成功改编案例进行宣传,发挥其标杆效应和榜样作用。

  《光明日报》( 2022年12月30日 04版)

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