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1分快32023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

  资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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刘鑫成被执行人后,法院可以采取哪些强制执行措施******

  法治课|刘鑫成被执行人后,法院可以采取哪些强制执行措施

  1月12日,澎湃新闻(www.thepaper.cn)查询中国执行信息公开网获悉,刘鑫(现名刘暖曦)已被列为被执行人,执行标的719365元,由山东省青岛市城阳区人民法院执行,立案时间为2023年1月11日。

  刘鑫被列为被执行人后,法院可以采取哪些执行措施?

  根据民诉法规定,执行员接到申请执行书或者移交执行书,应当向被执行人发出执行通知,并可以立即采取强制执行措施。被执行人未按执行通知履行法律文书确定的义务,人民法院有权扣留、提取被执行人应当履行义务部分的收入,有权查封、扣押、冻结、拍卖、变卖被执行人应当履行义务部分的财产。

  湖南金州律师事务所高级合伙人、律师邢鑫向澎湃新闻介绍,在青岛城阳区法院执行立案,公开执行案件信息后,法官可操作法院执行网络查控系统,对刘鑫名下财产进行全面查控,比如银行存款、证券、股权、不动产、机动车辆、保险理财等,然后根据查控结果分别处理。

  邢鑫称,若刘鑫有银行存款,则可划拨到法院账户,以支付江秋莲,执行结案;若刘鑫没有足额银行存款,法官可根据网络查控查找到的其他财产情况及申请人提供的财产线索,制定执行方案。随后,制作裁定书、协助执行通知书,要求相关单位协助查封、扣押被执行人的不动产、机动车辆、证券、股权、公积金等其他财产,并启动财产处置措施。

  若刘鑫成为被执行人后,未按执行通知书指定的期间履行赔偿,还可能会被列为失信被执行人,俗称“老赖”,受到更多限制。

  据《最高人民法院关于公布失信被执行人名单信息的若干规定》规定,被执行人未履行生效法律文书确定的义务,并具有下列情形之一的,人民法院应当将其纳入失信被执行人名单,依法对其进行信用惩戒:

  (一)有履行能力而拒不履行生效法律文书确定义务的;

  (二)以伪造证据、暴力、威胁等方法妨碍、抗拒执行的;

  (三)以虚假诉讼、虚假仲裁或者以隐匿、转移财产等方法规避执行的;

  (四)违反财产报告制度的;

  (五)违反限制消费令的;

  (六)无正当理由拒不履行执行和解协议的。

  若被执行人未按执行通知书指定的期间履行生效法律文书确定的给付义务,已被纳入失信被执行人名单,法院将向失信被执行人发出限制消费令。被执行人为自然人的,被采取限制消费措施后,出行不得乘坐飞机高铁,不得在星级以上宾馆、酒店等场所高消费,不得购买不动产,不得旅游度假等。

  澎湃新闻此前报道,2022年12月30日,江歌母亲江秋莲诉刘鑫生命权纠纷案二审宣判,维持一审判决,刘鑫赔偿江秋莲各项经济损失49.6万元、精神抚慰金20万元,并承担全部案件受理费。

  江秋莲代理律师黄乐平曾表示,依据法律规定,刘鑫应当在2023年1月9日(含当日)之前完成赔偿,否则江秋莲可在1月10日起两年内向一审法院提起强制执行申请。

  2023年1月2日,刘鑫在微博上发布文章并开通打赏,对于法院的判罚,她称若有人愿意帮她,她会感谢并希望有机会报答。此事被认为是刘鑫在众筹赔偿款,引发巨大争议,刘鑫的微博账号随后被永久禁言,微博方面称,第一时间关闭了刘鑫微博账号的打赏功能并限制其提现。

  2023年1月10日,最后期限内未收到刘鑫赔付金,江秋莲随即向法院申请强制执行。(澎湃新闻记者 廖艳)

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